Can GBS be transmitted from mother to baby during childbirth?
Yes, Group B Streptococcus (GBS) can indeed be transmitted from a mother to her baby during childbirth. This transmission typically occurs when the baby comes into contact with GBS bacteria present in the birth canal or the mother’s genital or rectal area.
GBS colonises the gastrointestinal and genital tracts of up to 25-30% of pregnant women. During labour and delivery, especially when the amniotic sac ruptures (water breaks), or during passage through the birth canal, the baby can come into contact with GBS. This contact can lead to the baby becoming colonised with GBS or, in more severe cases, developing an infection if the bacteria enter the baby’s bloodstream or lungs.
Factors that increase the risk of transmitting GBS to the baby include prolonged rupture of membranes (water breaking more than 18 hours before delivery), preterm labour, and maternal fever during labour.
By following recommended screening guidelines and receiving appropriate medical care during labour, the risk of transmitting GBS from mother to baby can be significantly minimised. Regular prenatal care and adherence to healthcare provider recommendations are crucial for ensuring the health and well-being of both mother and baby.